Critical appraisal is the careful analysis of studies to determine their relative value. The Institute of Medicine's Standards for Systematic Reviews includes Standard 3.6: “Critically appraise each study:
3.6.1 Systematically assess the risk of bias, using predefined criteria
3.6.2 Assess the relevance of the study’s populations, interventions, and outcome measures
3.6.3 Assess the fidelity of the implementation of interventions”
See also: What is Critical Appraisal?
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Critical Appraisal from Papers to Patient by
Having an understanding of critical appraisal and evidence-based medicine is a prerequisite to being an effective clinician. However, critical appraisal is often taught by people not involved in day-to-day clinical care, meaning the clinical relevance is not always brought to the fore. This book takes a different approach. It is written by clinicians, for clinicians. It takes the reader step by step through the process so that any journal article can be easily read, evidence evaluated and the results - and their reliability - truly understood. By integrating this with knowledge of local skills and resources and patient preference, the reader will be able to apply the best possible care that his or her patients deserve. This accessible book is suitable for undergraduates and postgraduates of all medical specialties, nursing, paramedics, pharmacists and all allied health professions. It is the ideal reference for anyone needing help writing a clinical topic review, reviewing a paper in a journal club or preparing for a critical appraisal exam. But most importantly, it is essential for those who wish to practice medicine in the best possible way for their patients, using the best evidence, tailored to the individual.
Critical Appraisal of Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials by
Since publication of the first three editions of this hugely successful book, systematic methods of critical appraisal have been accepted as central to healthcare provision, both in critical applications and in a wider health services and community perspective. This new edition builds on thework of the previous editions by presenting a fully updated and accessible system of critical appraisal applicable to clinical, epidemiological, and public health studies, and related fields.The book outlines the systematic review process for the establishment of causal effect within single and multiple studies. Focusing primarily on study design, it covers randomized and non-randomized trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, and surveys, showing the presentation of resultsincluding person-time and survival analysis, and issues in the selection of subjects. It then describes the process of detection and assessment of selection biases, observation bias, confounding, chance variation, and how to determine internal validity and external validity (generalizability).Statistical methods are presented in an accessible way, illustrating applications to each study design. Positive features of causation including strength, dose-response, and consistency are also discussed. The final chapters provide six examples of critical appraisals of major studies, encompassing randomized trials, prospective and retrospective cohort studies, and case-control studies. Statistical issues are explained clearly without complex mathematics, and the most useful methods are summarized inthe appendix, each with a worked example. Each main chapter includes self-test questions, with answers provided, making the book ideally suited to readers with no prior epidemiological or statistical knowledge.Developed over four editions, Critical Appraisal of Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials is an invaluable aid to the effective assessment of new studies in epidemiology, public health, research methods, evidence-based methods, clinical medicine, and environmental health; making it essentialreading for postgraduates, practitioners, and policymakers in these fields.
How to Read a Paper: The Basics of Evidence-Based Medicine by
This book provides the tools to find and evaluate the literature, and implement the findings in an evidence-based, patient-centered way.
Introduction to Research and Medical Literature for Health Professionals by
Introduction to Research and Medical Literature for Health Professionals, Fourth Edition Includes Navigate 2 Advantage Access
Nursing Research: Methods and Critical Appraisal for Evidence-Based Practice by
Learn to better understand and apply research to everyday practice with Nursing Research: Methods and Critical Appraisal for Evidence-Based Practice, 9th Edition. Written by an all-star team of educators and research experts, this four-time recipient of the American Journal of Nursing's Book of the Year award is the perfect resource to help ground you in the processes behind nursing research and evidence-based practice. This new ninth edition has been thoroughly updated and refocused to better match the needs of the nurse who will read and apply research rather than conduct research. This new edition also features: new research examples and vignettes; easy-to-use navigation tools; enhanced readability; expanded information on interprofessional collaboration and evidence-based practice; and well-balanced coverage of both qualitative and quantitative research methods. It's a must-have resource for both undergraduate and graduate nursing programs alike! Balanced but distinct coverage of both the qualitative and quantitative approaches to nursing research acquaints you with the processes behind research and evidence-based practice. Complete, high-quality research examples, including three sample critiques, demonstrate how to apply the principles outlined in the text to published quantitative and qualitative research studies. Research Vignettes introduce you to real-world practitioners of nursing research and help bridge the gaps among clinical research, academia, and clinical practice. All-star group of contributors represents a widely respected team of experts in nursing research and evidence-based practice. Effective learning aids in every chapter include Key Terms, Learning Outcomes, Helpful Hints, Evidence-Based Practice Tips, Appraising the Evidence, Critiquing Criteria, Critique of a Research Study, Critical Thinking Decision Paths, Critical Thinking Challenges, and Key Points. NEW! Revised, refocused, and streamlined content throughout to better address the needs of consumers of research for evidence-based clinical practice. NEW! All-new research examples and Research Vignettes have been added throughout to demonstrate the most current high-quality published studies, and to exemplify the work on prominent nurse-researchers. NEW! Content on mixed-methods research along with secondary analysis has been added to the chapter on nonexperimental designs. NEW! Expanded coverage of systematic reviews and clinical practice guidelines addresses these important aspects of research. UNIQUE! Integration of interprofessional education concepts and activities addresses the growing interest in interprofessional education and interprofessional collaborative practice. NEW! Enhanced readability and navigation tools make it easier for you to locate, understand, and retain information in the text. NEW! Revamped coverage of theory content and strategies for developing an evidence-based practice feature consolidated chapters that are more visual and less text-heavy.
Reading Research: A User-Friendly Guide for Health Professionals by
Ideal for both students and health professionals alike, Reading Research: A User-Friendly Guide for Nurses and Health Professionals, 6th Edition is a practical beginner-level introduction to health sciences research. The text is written in a manner that assumes you have little or no experience with analyzing published research, and provides guidelines for reading and understanding research articles. It also covers important elements of published research, such as research methods, common terminology, data analysis and results. All chapters have been updated. The book also briefly discusses common barriers to the application of research results in practice. Concise overview of health sciences-related research maximizes your study time by including all popular types of research methodologies. UNIQUE! Tips boxes provide easy-to-follow, practical suggestions for those who are new to the subject. UNIQUE! Alert! boxes warn of common assumptions made when reading research. Accompanying website provides up-to-date links for relevant research projects and other research-related sites, and offers Reader's Companion Worksheets for qualitative, quantitative, mixed method, and systematic reviews. NEW! All chapters updated with the key terms and explanation of common research methods. NEW! Content on using the web, social media and avoiding predatory journals. NEW! Expansion on applying research to improve patient outcomes helps you to understand the importance of research. NEW! Introductory overview chapter gives you a better understanding of how the book is organized and how to utilize its content.
Statistics for Healthcare Professionals by
This book introduces you to the basic rules and principles of statistics and shows you how straightforward statistical tests can be performed and analysed in relation to healthcare. Key features of the text are: -Examples which show how statistics are used in the real world -Exercises to test your understanding and develop your proficiency -A glossary to remind you of key terms. -Additional online material including guides to using Microsoft Excel and SPSS and sample datasets.
Users' Guides to the Medical Literature: a Manual for Evidence-Based Clinical Practice, 3E by
Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. The leading guide to the principles and clinical applications of evidence-based medicine--updated with new examples and new chapters A Doody's Core Title for 2017! Revised and updated to reflect the latest in medical research and evidence-based resources Practical focus and organization to guide clinicians through the fundamentals of using the medical literature to the more advanced strategies and skills for use in patient care, using the key questions to assess any new research: What are the results? How serious is the risk of bias? How do I apply the results to patient care? Updated real-world examples drawn from the medical literature New chapters that reflect the changing complexity of medical research and literature, including genetic association studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, network meta-analysis, noninferiority trials, quality improvement, and evidence-based medicine and the theory of knowledge New emphasis on understanding the role of patient preferences and preappraised resources that provide updated evidence and evidence-based recommendations for practice
How to Read a Paper: The Basics of Evidence-Based Medicine by
The best-selling introduction to evidence-based medicine In a clear and engaging style, How to Read a Paper demystifies evidence-based medicine and explains how to critically appraise published research and also put the findings into practice. An ideal introduction to evidence-based medicine, How to Read a Paper explains what to look for in different types of papers and how best to evaluate the literature and then implement the findings in an evidence-based, patient-centred way. Helpful checklist summaries of the key points in each chapter provide a useful framework for applying the principles of evidence-based medicine in everyday practice. This fifth edition has been fully updated with new examples and references to reflect recent developments and current practice. It also includes two new chapters on applying evidence-based medicine with patients and on the common criticisms of evidence-based medicine and responses. How to Read a Paper is a standard text for medical and nursing schools as well as a friendly guide for everyone wanting to teach or learn the basics of evidence-based medicine.
Medical Statistics: A Guide to Data Analysis and Critical Appraisal by
Holistic approach to understanding medical statistics This hands-on guide is much more than a basic medical statisticsintroduction. It equips you with the statistical tools required forevidence-based clinical research. Each chapter provides a clear step-by-step guide to eachstatistical test with practical instructions on how to generate andinterpret the numbers, and present the results as scientific tablesor graphs. Showing you how to: analyse data with the help of data set examples (Click here todownload datasets) select the correct statistics and report results forpublication or presentation understand and critically appraise results reported in theliterature Each statistical test is linked to the research question and thetype of study design used. There are also checklists for criticallyappraising the literature and web links to useful internetsites. Clear and concise explanations, combined with plenty of examplesand tabulated explanations are based on the authors' popularmedical statistics courses. Critical appraisal guidelines at theend of each chapter help the reader evaluate the statistical datain their particular contexts.
Medical Statistics Made Easy by
Medical Statistics Made Easy 3e scores 99/100 and 5 stars on Doody's (Sept 2014)! Here's what the reviewer said: "This is a practical guide to the use of statistics in medical literature and their application in clinical practice. The numerous examples help make the conceptualization of complex ideas easy. It is a great resource for healthcare students and clinicians in the field." MedicalStatistics Made Easyhas been a perennial bestseller since it was firstpublished in 2003 (#1 bestseller in medical statistics on Amazon). It is widelyrecommend on a variety of courses and programmes, from undergraduate medicine,through to professional medical qualifications. It isa book of key statistics principles for anyone studying or working in medicineand healthcare who needs a basic overview of the subject. Using a consistent format, the authors describe the most common statisticalmethods in turn and then rate them on how difficult they are to understand andhow common they are. The worked examples that demonstrate the statistical method in action have beenupdated to include current articles from the medical literature and now featurea much wider range of medical journals. Thisnew third edition continues with the same structure as the previous editions andalso features a completely revised "Statistics at work" section. Fromreviews of the second edition: "We wouldrecommend this book as an introduction into medical statistics before plunginginto the deep 'statistical' waters! It gives confidence to the reader in takingup the challenge of understanding statistics and [being] able to applyknowledge in analysing medical literature." Stefanie Zhao LinLip & Louise Murchison, Scottish Medical Journal, June 2010 "If ever therewas a book that completely lived up to its title, this is it... The whole wayin which the authors have written this book is commendab≤ the chapters aresuccinct, easy to follow and a pleasure to read...Is it value for money? - a definiteyes even at twice the price. Of course I never exaggerate but if you breathe,you should own this book!" Ian Pearce,Urology News, June 2010
Painless Evidence-Based Medicine by
This updated edition of Painless Evidence-Based Medicine presents basic concepts and application of research statistics in simple and practical manner creating an introductory approach to the complex and technical subject of evidence-based medicine from experienced teachers. A simplified introductory approach to the complex and technical subject of evidence-based medicine from experienced teachers Approaches learning from the vantage point of clinical questions on therapy, diagnosis, prognosis or harm rather than the framework of study designs Provides tables and boxed case studies throughout highlighting key topics, or difficult issues, in an easy to read manner Emphasizes applicability of EBM, encouraging readers to dissect the evidence and how results can be applied to individual patients with different circumstances, varying values and preferences New to the Second Edition are chapters on health screening, clinical practice guidelines, and major updates incorporating recommended trial criteria
PDQ Evidence-Based Principles and Practice by
PDQ Evidence Based Principles and Practice addresses the concepts of evidence based health care in a gentle, non-technical manner. One of its two major purposes is to provide a background to understand health care research and how best to evaluate and apply new research findings in health.
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